1. What is pH Calculation?

pH calculation determines the acidity or basicity of a solution by measuring the concentration of hydrogen ions [H⁺]. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with lower values indicating acidity and higher values indicating basicity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)
• \( V \) — Total volume of the solution (L)

Explanation: The formula calculates the negative logarithm of the average hydrogen ion concentration in the mixed solution.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: Accurate pH calculation is essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and various industrial processes to understand solution properties and chemical reactions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the total hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L and the total volume in liters. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does pH measure?
A: pH measures the acidity or basicity of a solution on a logarithmic scale based on hydrogen ion concentration.

Q2: What is a neutral pH value?
A: A pH of 7 is considered neutral at 25°C, indicating equal concentrations of H⁺ and OH⁻ ions.

Q3: How does dilution affect pH?
A: Diluting an acidic solution increases pH (makes it less acidic), while diluting a basic solution decreases pH (makes it less basic).

Q4: Are there limitations to this calculation?
A: This calculation assumes ideal conditions and may not account for temperature effects, ionic strength, or specific ion interactions.

Q5: When is this calculation most accurate?
A: This calculation is most accurate for dilute solutions where activity coefficients are close to 1 and for solutions that don't contain buffering agents.