1. What is pH Calculation?

pH calculation determines the acidity or alkalinity of a solution based on its hydrogen ion concentration. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with lower values indicating acidic solutions and higher values indicating basic solutions.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)
• \( \log \) — Base-10 logarithm

Explanation: The negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration gives the pH value, which is a dimensionless measure of acidity.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: pH calculation is essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and many industrial processes. It helps determine the chemical behavior of solutions and is crucial for maintaining proper conditions in biological systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L. The value must be greater than 0. For scientific notation, use format like 5.5e-5 for 5.5 × 10⁻⁵.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does pH stand for?
A: pH stands for "potential of Hydrogen" or "power of Hydrogen" and represents the negative logarithm of hydrogen ion concentration.

Q2: What is a neutral pH value?
A: A pH of 7.0 is considered neutral at 25°C, which is the pH of pure water.

Q3: How does temperature affect pH?
A: The pH scale is temperature-dependent because the ionization of water changes with temperature. The neutral point shifts from pH 7 at 25°C.

Q4: What is the relationship between [H⁺] and pH?
A: They have an inverse logarithmic relationship. As [H⁺] increases, pH decreases, indicating higher acidity.

Q5: Can pH be negative or greater than 14?
A: Yes, for very concentrated strong acids, pH can be negative, and for very concentrated strong bases, pH can exceed 14.