1. What is pH?

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. It is defined as the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration. A neutral solution at 25°C has a pH of 7.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L

Explanation: The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Values below 7 indicate acidity, while values above 7 indicate basicity.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: pH measurement is crucial in various fields including chemistry, biology, environmental science, and medicine. It helps determine the chemical behavior of solutions and is essential for many biological processes.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L. The value must be greater than 0. For pure water at 25°C, the hydrogen ion concentration is 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ mol/L, resulting in a pH of 7.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does pH stand for?
A: pH stands for "potential of Hydrogen" or "power of Hydrogen."

Q2: What is the pH of a neutral solution?
A: At 25°C, a neutral solution has a pH of 7. This is true for pure water.

Q3: How does temperature affect pH?
A: The pH of neutral water changes with temperature. At higher temperatures, the pH of pure water decreases slightly below 7, but it remains neutral as both [H⁺] and [OH⁻] increase equally.

Q4: What are some common pH values?
A: Lemon juice: ~2, Vinegar: ~3, Coffee: ~5, Milk: ~6.5, Blood: ~7.4, Baking soda: ~8.5, Ammonia: ~11

Q5: Why is pH important in biological systems?
A: Most enzymes function within a specific pH range. Deviations from optimal pH can denature enzymes and disrupt metabolic processes.