1. What Is The pH Calculation Formula?

The pH calculation formula determines the acidity or basicity of a solution obtained by mixing two different solutions. pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.

2. How Does The Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+]_1 \) — Hydrogen ion concentration of first solution (mol/L)
• \( V_1 \) — Volume of first solution (L)
• \( [H^+]_2 \) — Hydrogen ion concentration of second solution (mol/L)
• \( V_2 \) — Volume of second solution (L)

Explanation: The formula calculates the weighted average hydrogen ion concentration of the mixed solution and then converts it to pH using the logarithmic scale.

3. Importance Of pH Calculation

Details: Accurate pH calculation is crucial in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and many industrial processes where precise control of acidity or basicity is required.

4. Using The Calculator

Tips: Enter hydrogen ion concentrations in mol/L and volumes in liters. All values must be positive, and volumes must be greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What if one solution is basic (pH > 7)?
A: For basic solutions, you would need to calculate [OH⁻] first, then convert to [H⁺] using the water ion product (K_w = 1×10⁻¹⁴).

Q2: Does this work for strong and weak acids?
A: This formula works best for strong acids. For weak acids, additional calculations involving acid dissociation constants are needed.

Q3: What is the pH range?
A: pH typically ranges from 0 (very acidic) to 14 (very basic), with 7 being neutral at 25°C.

Q4: How does temperature affect pH?
A: Temperature affects the autoionization of water, changing the neutral point and pH values slightly.

Q5: Can I mix more than two solutions?
A: Yes, the formula can be extended to multiple solutions by summing all [H⁺]V products and dividing by the total volume.