1. What is Hydrogen Ion Concentration?

Hydrogen ion concentration ([H⁺]) is a measure of the acidity of a solution, representing the number of hydrogen ions present per liter of solution. It is directly related to the pH value through a logarithmic relationship.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the hydrogen ion concentration formula:

Where:

• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)
• \( pH \) — pH value (dimensionless)

Explanation: The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole pH value below 7 is ten times more acidic than the next higher value.

3. Importance of pH and [H⁺] Calculation

Details: Calculating hydrogen ion concentration from pH is essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and many industrial processes where precise control of acidity is required.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the pH value (between 0 and 14). The calculator will compute the corresponding hydrogen ion concentration in moles per liter (mol/L).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the relationship between pH and [H⁺]?
A: pH is the negative logarithm (base 10) of the hydrogen ion concentration: pH = -log[H⁺].

Q2: What does a lower pH value indicate?
A: A lower pH value indicates a higher hydrogen ion concentration and a more acidic solution.

Q3: What is the [H⁺] of pure water at 25°C?
A: Pure water has a pH of 7.0, so [H⁺] = 10⁻⁷ = 0.0000001 mol/L.

Q4: How does temperature affect pH and [H⁺]?
A: The dissociation constant of water changes with temperature, which affects both pH and [H⁺] measurements.

Q5: Why is [H⁺] important in biological systems?
A: Hydrogen ion concentration affects enzyme activity, protein structure, and many biochemical processes in living organisms.