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pH Calculation Formula:
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pH calculation from hydroxide concentration involves determining the acidity or basicity of a solution based on the concentration of hydroxide ions [OH⁻]. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with values below 7 indicating acidity, 7 being neutral, and values above 7 indicating basicity.
The calculator uses the pH formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula calculates pH from hydroxide ion concentration using the relationship between pOH and pH in aqueous solutions (pH + pOH = 14).
Details: Accurate pH calculation is essential for various chemical, biological, and environmental applications, including water quality assessment, chemical reactions, and biological processes.
Tips: Enter hydroxide concentration in mol/L. The value must be positive and greater than zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: What is the relationship between pH and hydroxide concentration?
A: pH and hydroxide concentration are inversely related through the formula pH = 14 + log[OH⁻], where higher [OH⁻] results in higher pH values.
Q2: What are typical pH values for common substances?
A: Pure water has pH 7 (neutral), lemon juice around 2 (acidic), baking soda solution around 9 (basic), and bleach around 13 (highly basic).
Q3: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation provides a theoretical pH value based on hydroxide concentration. Actual pH may vary slightly due to temperature, ionic strength, and other factors.
Q4: Can this calculator handle very low or very high concentrations?
A: The calculator works for all positive hydroxide concentrations, but extremely low or high values may approach the limits of the pH scale (0-14).
Q5: What is the significance of pH in real-world applications?
A: pH is crucial in agriculture (soil pH), medicine (blood pH), environmental science (water pH), and many industrial processes where pH control is essential.