1. What is the pH Formula?

The pH formula calculates the acidity or basicity of a solution from the hydrogen ion concentration. It provides a logarithmic measure of the activity of hydrogen ions in a solution.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the pH formula:

Where:

• \( pH \) — pH value (dimensionless)
• \( [H^+] \) — Hydrogen ion concentration (mol/L)

Explanation: The formula uses a negative logarithm base 10 of the hydrogen ion concentration to determine the pH value.

3. Importance of pH Calculation

Details: pH calculation is essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and many industrial processes to determine the acidity or basicity of solutions.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter hydrogen ion concentration in mol/L. The value must be valid (concentration > 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What does pH stand for?
A: pH stands for "power of hydrogen" or "potential of hydrogen."

Q2: What is the pH scale range?
A: The pH scale typically ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral, values below 7 acidic, and values above 7 basic.

Q3: Why use a logarithmic scale for pH?
A: The logarithmic scale compresses the wide range of hydrogen ion concentrations into a more manageable scale.

Q4: Can pH be negative or greater than 14?
A: Yes, for very concentrated strong acids, pH can be negative, and for very concentrated strong bases, pH can exceed 14.

Q5: How is pH measured experimentally?
A: pH is commonly measured using pH indicators, pH paper, or electronic pH meters with glass electrodes.